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";s:4:"text";s:31740:"Language: English (U.S.) Document: MS Word. Learn how it is one of the eight precious things in the tenets of Buddhism. Passing this examination allows one to obtain a position in the state bureaucracy. This is a good and important question. Since the Chinese graphs were inherently nonphonetic, they were at best unsatisfactory tools for the transcription of a non-Chinese language, and attempts at creating a new alphabetic-phonetic written language for empire building proved unsuccessful on three separate occasions. As stated in the quote by C.S. Type: Essay. Early Chinese philosophical and historical texts contain sophisticated conceptions of the nature of the cosmos. Not until a literary work of art awakened my imaginative faculties could the possibility of a larger context than reason alone engage It has not escaped the writer's notice either, that there has been very little mention of any listing of female homosexual behaviour. Sanctioned by official requirement for the competitive examinations and dignified by traditional respect for the cultural accomplishments of past ages, this medium became the linguistic tool of practically all Chinese prose writers. The hieroglyphic writing system later evolved into ideographic and partly-phonetic Chinese characters. There are hundreds of examples of political enemies of the Catholic Church being incarcerated or executed as result of witchcraft propaganda, some of the worst being mass persecutions rather than individual cases. They are a depiction of the different facets of common man’s life. There were 47,000 characters definition in the dictionary. Introduction to Chinese Literature. Ancient Chinese Culture is older than 5000 years. The fact that each graph had a monophonic pronunciation in a given context created a large number of homonyms, which led to misunderstanding and confusion when spoken or read aloud without the aid of the graphs. Already have an account? The two co-exist like the traditional Yin Yang formula of balance. The practice of collecting and reproducing libraries has also played a major role in the transmission of literary tradition. Its medium, the Chinese language, has retained its unmistakable identity in both its spoken and written aspects in spite of generally gradual changes in pronunciation, the existence of regional and local dialects, and several stages in the structural representation of the written graphs, or “characters.” Even the partial or total conquests of China for considerable periods by non-Han Chinese ethnic groups from outside the Great Wall failed to disrupt this continuity, for the conquerors were forced to adopt the written Chinese language as their official medium of communication because they had none of their own. If E… It was also during this era that poetry was introduced as part of literature in China.
Learn the basics with our essay writing guide. Professor of Chinese, University of Colorado, Boulder. Confucius was born near the end of an era known in Chinese history as the Spring and Autumn Period (770–481 BCE).His home was in Lu, a regional state of eastern China in what is now central and southwestern Shandong province. Tough GCSE topics broken down and explained by out team of expert teachers, Learn the art of brilliant essay writing with help from our teachers, Get your head around tough topics at A-level with our teacher written guides, Start writing remarkable essays with guidance from our expert teacher team, Understand the tough topics in IB with our teacher written Study Guides, Learn the art of brilliant essay writing from our experienced teachers, Struggling with an assignment? Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? (2) This visual appeal of the graphs has in fact given rise to the elevated status of calligraphy in China, where it has been regarded for at least the last 16 centuries as a fine art comparable to painting. Another genre, a peculiar mutation in this borderland, is the baguwen (“eight-legged essay”). English literature is important in many different ways. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. This is clearly reflected in three genres. Chinese literaturehas a rich history which stretches back thousands of years. The best way to gain a deeper understanding of the culture of a foreign country is to read its literature. Lewis, literature not only describes reality but also adds to it. Even Lu Xun?s literature eventually focused on changing the mind-sets of people (Link, 1983). The pronunciation of the Chinese graphs has also influenced the development of Chinese literature. Before literature came to my aid, I had perused theology in vain. China?s literature continues to shine even to date. Further, Yao and Wang (2014) report that China’s FDI has displaced that of the OECD countries using a set of 155 host countries that mixed both developed and developing countries. Join over 1.2 million students every month, Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month. As Walter Benjamin famously put it, translation gives literature a new life, an afterlife. The result was that after a period of alien domination, the conquerors were culturally assimilated (except the Mongols, who retreated en masse to their original homeland after the collapse of the Yuan [or Mongol] dynasty in 1368). Once you’ve done that, you will be able to relate to Chinese history more and foster better relations with people with a Chinese background. Omissions? Their literature has only one language that has not evolved in all these years. It is also called the Shijing or the Book of Songs. No documents from that country survive, but there are archaeological finds of hieroglyphic writing on bronze wares and oracle bones. Author of. There are several varying accounts of Unrban II's speech at Clermont in 1095, but consistently, the main three incentives seem to be that the Turks were severely persecuting and even murdering the Christians in the Middle East and that they should be protected and avenged. Every letter of the language symbolizes a piece of their illustrious history and tradition. Exposing oneself to good literary works, is equivalent to providing one with the finest of … TurnItIn – the anti-plagiarism experts are also used by: Want to read the rest? This can be seen in the juxtaposition of towering skyscrapers with heritage buildings, the contrast of western fashion with the traditional Chinese Qipao dress, the people's paradoxical affinity for both dim sums and McDonald's. Works of literature, at their best, provide a kind of blueprint of human society. Different in function from recording words in an alphabetic–phonetic language, the graphs are not primarily indicators of sounds and can therefore be pronounced in variant ways to accommodate geographical diversities in speech and historical phonological changes without damage to the meaning of the written page. The most popular poets of that time were Liu An, Ssu-ma Ch'ien, and Pan Ku (Woesler, 2008). The most important of these include the Classics of Confucianism, of Daoism, of Mohism, of Legalism, as well as works of military science and Chinese history. Log in now! WPA interviews, or past narratives. The fu, for example, is on the borderline between poetry and prose, containing elements of both. Classic of Poetry (Shijing) - A collection of poetry that is part of the Five Classics of Confucianism (see above). To many Westerners, Chinese literature remains a hidden seam in the rich strata of Chinese culture. A cultural taboo related to the lotus is if a woman sews on lunar Lotus Day, she will have menstrual trouble. Knowing Chinese may give you an edge when competing for an important position. It also encourages students to think critically, specifically for the discussing and thinking components. Modern Chinese literature tells stories of trauma, accommodation, and resistance. Interesting facts about Ancient Chinese Literature Chinese inventions such as paper, woodblock printing, and movable type helped to spread Chinese literature throughout the Chinese Empire. The first dynasty for which there is historical record and archaeological evidence is the Shang Dynasty. is these dramatic climatic conditions that brought about the social change in the Neolithic era and played a huge factor in the development of the Irish rural landscape. Since literature is reflective of predominant political and philosophical principles of the time in which it is written, world literature is … That Chinese cuisine is the greatest in the world is highly debatable and is essentially irrelevant. The idea of politics was being instilled and people were only learning new ways of administration. C… It really deserves its fame as a rarity of Chinese culture. This literature review aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of the sustainable impact of Chinese outward investments. © 2003 - 2015 Marked by Teachers. Total cost: $ 21.6 Download. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Economically Important. In 6th century BC, Sun Tzu created the Art of War. This revolution could not have been possible if these Chinese writers did not contribute in the reawakening. (4) On the other hand, the Chinese written language, even with its obvious disadvantages, has been a potent factor in perpetuating the cultural unity of the growing millions of the Chinese people, including assimilated groups in far-flung peripheral areas. and are the most important textbooks for the Confucian scholars to disseminate the educational thoughts of the Confucian School and a must for ancient scholars who had to pass the … This course focuses on great works of transformative importance. Studying literature involves reading, discussing, thinking and writing, helping students to improve in those areas. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Don't have an account yet? Vernacular prose (baihua), in contrast, consists of writings in the living tongue, the everyday language of the authors. But few can take exception to the statement that few other cultures are as food oriented as the Chinese. No matter what their spoken language was,most educated people in all eras from the Han Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty could read the ancient texts from the end of the Zhou Dynasty (1045-255 BC) era and also write in a form of that written language. One of the most important reasons to learn Chinese as a second language is that it is very important in terms of the economic factors. Classical literary works serve as a food for thought and encourage imagination and creativity. The line of demarcation between prose and poetry is much less distinctly drawn in Chinese literature than in other national literatures. Literatures from countries around the world are fast being forgotten with time but Chinese literature is a different story altogether (de Bary, Theodore et al., 1999). Literatures from countries around the world are fast being forgotten with time but Chinese literature is a different story altogether (de Bary, Theodore et al., 1999).
China?s Glorious Literature History Word Count: 2037 (excluding references) ________________ China?s Glorious Literature History When talking about Literature in the world, China has a unique distinction of being the only country that has had literature written consecutively for three thousand years in just one language. It offers private and public records of tumultuous transitions. Its dazzling value consists of an ideal combination of thoughts and art. Chinese lay a lot of importance on their literature. It’s a Form of Exercise for the Brain According to some studies, learning Chinese will utilise that portion of the brain that is … This explains why many poems have been differently interpreted by learned commentators and competent translators. Stressing the lyrical, as has often been pointed out, the Chinese poet refrains from being exhaustive, marking instead the heights of his ecstasies and inspiration or the depths of sorrow and sympathy. Yao Jianbin was born in Hanshou County, Hunan Province, P. R. China. The crude birth rate, as a summary measure, nevertheless has some serious problems. The real question is, why shouldn't you learn Chinese? Just a few of the listed inventions that originate from China include: paper- making, gunpowder, silk, magnetic compass, abacus, ink, wheelbarrow, Chess, tea, paper money, seismograph, kites and umbrellas. Thus, there was no disruption in China’s literary development. The two most popular patterns of Chinese poetry are shi 詩 poetry and ci 詞 poetry. China is a wonderful country in which to teach English while developing your language and cultural skills. As a matter of fact, it is a treasure of a very considerable number of brilliant and profound works as each dynasty, in the long history of China, has passed down its legacy of magnificent events and works. Their literature has only one language that has not evolved in all these years. The dominance of the written language has had significant effects on the development of the literature. And the vital importance of Chinese poetry’s afterlife to Anglo-American literature may be encapsulated in Pound’s proclamation, “A great age of literature is perhaps always … This can be seen in the juxtaposition of towering skyscrapers with heritage buildings, the contrast of western fashion with the traditional Chinese Qipao dress, the people's paradoxical affinity for both dim sums and McDonald's. Most of the writings post the 20th century has aimed to bring reforms to the traditional China. JavaScript seem to be disabled in your browser. A group of legendary poets called the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove got into trouble around 260 AD when they wrote poems criticizing the leaders of the Jin Dynasty. Every letter in the Chinese alphabets stands for an idea or a symbol that has been engrossed in the wonderful literature of the infamous Chinese writers, artists and philosophers who graced the great land over the years (Larson, 1998). Chinese lay a lot of importance on their literature. Chinese literature, the body of works written in Chinese, including lyric poetry, historical and didactic writing, drama, and various forms of fiction. 1.1.2 Importance of English: English has been the considered to be the first global Lingua Franca. This paper will talk about the beauty of Chinese literature and the people who made it beautiful. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Literatures from countries around the world are fast being forgotten with time but Chinese literature is a different story altogether (de Bary, Theodore et al., 1999).
Create one now! While the styles may vary with individual writers, the language is always far removed from their spoken tongues. Facts about Chinese Literature 9: military science. Life of Confucius. This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our University Degree Medieval History section. Each dynasty represented a different theme to the literature and those themes will be further discussed in this paper. The mainstream understanding among Chinese scholars clearly highlights the strategic importance of culture in the conduct of public diplomacy. Chinese prose writing has been diverted into two streams, separated at least for the last 1,000 years by a gap much wider than the one between folk songs and so-called literary poems. The Chinese were especially concerned with ghosts because the appearance of someone who had died meant that the living had somehow failed them, usually by improper honor in burial, and the dead would haunt th… This tonal feature of the Chinese language has brought about an intimate relationship between poetry and music in China. ...read more. Ancient Chinese Culture is older than 5000 years. Chinese Literature Chinese literature extends thousands of years, from the earliest recorded dynastic court archives to the mature fictional novels that arose during the Ming Dynasty to entertain the masses of literate Chinese. Chinese literature has a history of thousands of years and is characterized by a long tradition of realism that depicts Chinese society and the values of its people in different epochs. Present day Chinese culture is an amalgamation of old world traditions and a westernized lifestyle. Not only was the Chinese script adopted for the written language in these countries, but some writers adopted the Chinese language as their chief literary medium, at least before the 20th century. Role of the Scholar-Gentry and Eunuchs in Imperial China. All educated people wrote and read poetry and it was taken very seriously as a major art form. importance of internet sites for studing English literature.What is the importance of Internet sites for studing English literature? Just by reading the titles of these pieces of literature, one can guess the content and how it could have helped the people back then who read it (Owen, 1996). How has the Popularisation of 'history from below' influenced historians studying US race relations? The Chinese language is said to be one of the most meaningful of languages, and the fact that its history in literature is so intriguing, comes to no surprise. Not the one? His most famous works include ?My Country and My People', `The Importance of Living', `On the Wisdom of America' and `The Importance of Understanding?. The oldest specimens of Chinese writing extant are inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells dating back to the last three centuries of the Shang dynasty (18th–12th centuries bce) and recording divinations performed at the royal capital. Because of its unique form and style as well as rich cultural content, Chinese literature is distinguished by featured aesthetic ideal, reigning traditional thoughts Chinese are involved in many businesses throughout the world including Hollywood. Chinese Literature Today; China is one of the most developed nations with an great economy. Poetry played a very important role in Chinese literature throughout the ages. The earliest written works in China are ghost stories and myths. Overall, this article shows that the popularisation of history from below has influenced historians studying US race relations, by making them curious of the sources they utilise, i.e. By the same token, the graphs of China could be utilized by speakers of other languages as their literary mediums. Learn more. Yao et al. As a result, metre in Chinese prosody is not concerned with the combination of syllabic stresses, as in English, but with those of syllabic tones, which produce a different but equally pleasing cadence. Since literature is reflective of predominant political and philosophical principles of the time in which it is written, world literature is … It has aimed to modernize the country. It exploited antithetical construction and contrasting tonal patterns to the limit by requiring pairs of columns consisting of long paragraphs, one responding to the other, word for word, phrase for phrase, sentence for sentence. World literature is a way of collecting those ideas in a way that reflects a specific group of people at a certain time in history. Created by teachers, our study guides highlight the really important stuff you need to know. China will play a major role in world affairs in the future.
Topic: About Chinese Hotpot Culture. Strange Tales of Liaozhai is an internationally known collection of short stories written in the classical Chinese. Despite the polyphonic effect thus produced, which approximates that of poetry, it has often been made the vehicle of proselike exposition and argumentation. The Importance of Living is a wry, witty antidote to the dizzying pace of the modern world. Chinese literature Earliest literary texts date from the Zhou dynasty (c.1030–221 bc). With its fascinating scenario and superb language, A Dream of Red Mansiosns has reached the zenith of the Chinese classic novels, and holds an important position in the history of world literature. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. From the frequent occurrences in the bone inscriptions of such characters as “dance” and “music,” “drum” and “chimes” (of stone), “words” and “southern” (airs), it can safely be inferred that, by the Shang dynasty, songs were sung to the accompaniment of dance and music, but these songs are now lost. How much do you know about the history of Chinese literature? Such was the beauty of Chinese literature that it not just guided people with the help of Chinese tradition and culture; it still is the major source of inspiration for people of the great country. Literature is a term used to describe written and sometimes spoken material. All major types of Chinese poetry were originally sung to the accompaniment of music. 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